{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\cocoartf949\cocoasubrtf460 {\fonttbl\f0\fmodern\fcharset0 Courier;} {\colortbl;\red255\green255\blue255;} \margl1440\margr1440\vieww19500\viewh9820\viewkind0 \deftab720 \pard\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural \f0\fs26 \cf0 \ CREATURE LIST\ PAGE 1\ 1) Oriental butterflyfish\ 2) Teardrop butterflyfish\ 3) Pyramid butterflyfish\ 4) Emperor angelfish\ 5) Blue tang\ 6) Powder blue tang\ 7) Golden spadefish (yg)\ 8) Lined surgeonfish\ \ PAGE 2\ 9) Sailfin tang\ 10) Yellow tang\ 11) Goldeye rockfish\ 12) Samurai squirrelfish\ 13) Orange-lined triggerfish\ 14) Clown triggerfish\ 15) Orangespine unicornfish\ \ PAGE 3\ 16) Luna lionfish\ 17) Whitemargin unicornfish\ 18) Clown wrasse\ 19) Blackspotted pufferfish\ 20) Bicolour parrotfish\ 21) Bower's parrotfish\ \ PAGE 4\ 22) John dory\ 23) Japanese sardine\ 24) Chub mackerel\ 25) Red sea bream\ 26) Japanese jack mackerel\ 27) Japanese flying fish\ \ PAGE 5\ 28) Golden trevally\ 29) Bigeye trevally\ 30) Miniata grouper\ 31) Mulitcolourfin rainbowfish (m)\ 32) Red gurnard\ 33) Flathead\ \ PAGE 6\ 34) Remora\ 35) Horseshoe crab\ 36) Bigfin reef squid\ 37) Broadclub cuttlefish\ 38) Common octopus\ 39) Ornate rock lobster\ 40) Crown-of-thorns starfish\ \ PAGE 7\ 41) Clown anemonefish\ 42) Yellowtail clownfish\ 43) Tomato clownfish\ 44) Yellow clownfish\ 45) Sapphire devil\ 46) Starck's demoiselle\ 47) Goldtail demoiselle\ 48) Blue-green chromis\ \ PAGE 8\ 49) Three-spot dascyllus\ 50) Bicolor angelfish \ 51) Banded angelfish\ 52) Royal angelfish\ 53) Yellow longnose butterflyfish\ 54) Moorish idol\ 55) Singular bannerfish\ \ PAGE 9\ 56) Threadfin butterflyfish\ 57) Bluelashed butterflyfish \ 58) Brown-and-white butterflyfish\ 59) Mandarinfish \ 60) Rippled rockskipper\ \ PAGE 10\ 61) Red-spotted blenny\ 62) Bicolor blenny\ 63) Isoginpo\ 64) Fire goby\ 65) Elegant firefish\ 66) Yellow shrimp goby\ 67) Singapore prawn goby\ \ PAGE 11\ 68) Yellow clown goby\ 69) Red-spotted goby\ 70) Five-lined coral goby\ 71) Oblong goby\ 72) Monster shrimp goby\ 73) Painted frogfish\ 74) Warty frogfish\ 75) Striated frogfish\ \ PAGE 12\ 76) Sea goldie\ 77) Stocky anthias\ 78) Sunset anthias \ 79) Sakuradai\ 80) Southern orange-lined cardinal\ 81) Humpback grouper (yg)\ \ PAGE 13\ 82) Yellow boxfish (yg)\ 83) Whitespotted boxfish (yg)\ 84) Long-spine porcupinefish\ 85) Harlequin sweetlips (yg)\ 86) Orange sea slug\ 87) Orange-and-black sea slug\ 88) Festival sea slug\ 89) Spotted white sea slug\ \ PAGE 14\ 90) Striped white sea slug\ 91) Cinderella sea slug\ 92) Strigate chromodoris\ 93) Luminescent sea slug\ 94) Parade-float sea slug\ 95) Branched sea slug\ 96) Blue sea star\ 97) Sea star\ \ PAGE 15\ 98) Leafy seadragon\ 99) Weedy seadragon\ 100) Pygmy seahorse\ 101) Crowned seahorse\ 102) Marbled flounder (yg)\ \ PAGE 16\ 103) Firefly squid\ 104) Glass squid\ 105) Spotted garden eel\ 106) Black garden eel\ 107) Blotchy swell shark (yg)\ 108) Tiger puffer (yg)\ 109) Randall's pistol shrimp\ 110) Goby shrimp\ \ PAGE 17\ 111) Belt jellyfish\ 112) Mauve stinger\ 113) Sea gooseberry\ 114) Barreleye\ 115) Humpback anglerfish\ 116) Galatheid crab\ 117) Deep-sea blind shrimp\ 118) Giant sea spider\ \ PAGE 18\ 119) Humphead wrasse\ 120) Mahi-mahi\ 121) Great barracuda\ 122) Blackfin barracuda\ \ PAGE 19\ 123) Asian sheepshead wrasse\ 124) Longtooth grouper\ 125) Atlantic tarpon\ 126) Great white shark\ 127) Scalloped hammerhead\ \ PAGE 20\ 128) Whale shark\ 129) Pelagic thresher\ 130) Zebra shark\ \ PAGE 21\ 131) Manta ray\ 132) Japanese bullhead shark\ 133) Cloudy catshark\ 134) Green sea turtle\ 135) Banded houndshark\ 136) Epaulette shark\ \ PAGE 22\ 137) Bowmouth guitarfish\ 138) Dwarf sawfish\ 139) Japanese angel shark\ 140) Leopard whipray\ 141) Red stingray\ 142) Blotched fantail ray\ \ PAGE 23\ 143) Striped marlin\ 144) Indo-Pacific sailfish\ 145) Atlantic bluefin tuna\ 146) Blue-spotted ribbontail ray\ 147) Cowtail stingray\ \ PAGE 24\ 148) Largehead hairtail\ 149) Red cornetfish\ 150) Bering wolffish\ 151) Kidako moray\ \ PAGE 25\ 152) Yellow goosefish\ 153) Olive founder\ 154) Tasselled wobbegong\ 155) Nomura's jellyfish\ \ PAGE 26\ 156) Ocean sunfish\ 157) Opah\ 158) Popeye grenadier\ 159) Splendid alfonsino\ 160) Common fangtooth\ \ PAGE 27\ 161) Longnose lancetfish\ 162) Fanfin\ 163) Japanese spider crab\ 164) Snailfish\ \ PAGE 28\ 165) Megamouth shark\ 166) Frilled shark\ 167) Goblin shark\ 168) Bluntnose sixgill shark\ \ PAGE 29\ 169) Coelacanth\ 170) Praya dubia\ 171) Giant oarfish\ 172) Polka-dot ribbonfish\ \ PAGE 30\ 173) Chambered nautilus\ 174) Sea cucumber\ 175) Vampire squid\ 176) Pelican eel\ 177) Giant squid\ \ PAGE 31\ 178) Bottlenose dolphin\ 179) Common dolphin\ 180) Pacific white-sided dolphin\ 181) Commerson's dolphin\ \ PAGE 32\ 182) Orca\ 183) Beluga\ 184) False killer whale\ 185) Risso's dolphin\ \ PAGE 33\ 186) Blue whale\ 187) North Atlantic right whale\ \ PAGE 34\ 188) Humpback whale\ 189) Sperm whale\ \ \ \ ====================\ DETAILED CREATURE LIST \ ====================\ ======\ Page 1\ ======\ \ LHS\ \ 1) Oriental butterflyfish\ \ Chaetodon auripes\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body, protruding snout and a length of 20cm.\ A yellow body with black and white vertical lines over its eyes. A common fish\ that can be seen all year round in Manaurai.\ \ There are numerous dark stripes on the side of its body. During infancy, it \ has a pattern like that of a round eye that disappears as it matures.\ \ Most other members of the Chaetodontidae family like to dwell in southern coral\ reefs where water temperatures exceed 20 degrees C, but this fish is known to \ venture to the far north regions and tolerate temperatures as low as 12 degrees\ C. \ \ 2) Teardrop butterflyfish\ \ Chaetodon unimaculatus\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 18cm. The back of its \ dorsal and anal fins are almost vertical. Its upper body is yellow and the \ underside is white. A little above the centre of its body is a large black\ pattern. A common fish that can be seen all year round in Manaurai.\ \ \ 3) Pyramid butterflyfish\ \ Hemitaurichthys polylepis\ A round, narrow fish with a protruding snout and a length of 16cm. Its body\ colour is compsed of brown, yellow and white. Can be seen in Manaurai all year\ round.\ \ \ 4) Emperor angelfish\ \ Pomacanthus imperator\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body, partly elongated pectoral fins and a \ length of 40cm. Its body is blue with numerous yellow stripes along the side. A\ black line covers its eyes on both sides. Can be seen all over Manaurai in the\ summer.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 5) Blue tang\ \ Paracanthus hepatus\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 25cm. It is blue with a\ dark, distinct striped pattern over its body and a yellow caudal fin. Can be \ seen all around Manaurai mostly during the summer.\ \ \ 6) Powder blue tang\ \ Acanthurus leucosternon\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 25cm. It has a blue\ body, with black on the upper section of its head and white on the lower \ section. It is a very common fish that can be seen in Manaurai all year round. \ \ \ 7) Golden spadefish (yg)\ \ Platax boersii\ It has a length of 30cm. Infants have very distinctive dorsal and anal fins\ that are extremely long. Its body is silver with several black bands running\ down the sides of its body. Can be seen easily around Manaurai all year round. \ \ \ 8) Lined surgeonfish\ \ Acanthurus lineatus\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 30cm. The upper and \ lower portions of its caudal fin are elongated. Its body is yellow and has\ blue stripes along the sides. Can be seen all around Manaurai mostly during\ the winter. \ \ \ \ ======\ Page 2\ ======\ \ LHS\ \ 9) Sailfin tang\ \ Zebrasoma veliferum\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body, large dorsal and anal fins and a \ length of 30cm. It is white with numerousblack stripes covering its head and \ body. Can be seen all year round.\ \ \ 10) Yellow tang\ \ Zebrasoma flavescens\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 20cm. It has a large \ dorsal and anal fin as well as a protruding snout. Its body is yellow. A \ common fish that can be seen all year round in Manaurai. \ \ \ 11) Goldeye rockfish\ \ Sebastes thompsoni\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body and a length of 35cm. It has large \ eyes that are underlined with thin spines. The back of its body is red and it\ has a white underside. Can be seen in areas with relatively deep water all \ year round.\ \ \ 12) Samurai squirrelfish\ \ Sargocentron ittodai\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 20cm. Its caudal fin is\ split into two parts. Its body is red with white stripes running along it. \ Can be seen during the autumn in the Lagoon area.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 13) Orange-lined triggerfish\ \ Balistapus undulatus\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 30cm. It is green with\ slanted orange stripes covering its entire body. Can be seen all around \ Manaurai mostly during the winter\ \ \ 14) Clown triggerfish\ \ Balistoides conspicillum\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 35cm. It has a complex\ colouring, featuring a yellow mesh pattern on its back and white pattern on its\ underside. A yellow line runs between its mouth and eyes. It can be seen all\ year round in the Blue Hall area.\ \ \ 15) Orangespine unicornfish\ \ Naso lituratus\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 60cm. It has a dark\ body colour with a white line along its dorsal fin and orange colouring around\ the caudal fin joint. Can be seen all around Manaurai mostly during the \ autumn. \ \ \ \ ======\ Page 3\ ======\ \ LHS\ \ 16) Luna lionfish\ \ Pterois lunulata\ It has an oval-shaped body with long pectoral and dorsal fins and a length of\ 25cm. Also, its dorsal, ventral and anal fins contain poison. Its body is a\ light red colour with many brown lines on it. Can be seen mainly in an area \ a little south of Green Garden all year round. \ \ \ 17) Whitemargin unicornfish\ \ Naso annulatus\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body, a horn-like protrusion coming from\ the front of its head and a length of 60cm. Its body is a dark grey colour.\ Can be seen mainly during the winter in all areas of Manaurai.\ \ \ 18) Clown wrasse\ \ Coris gaimard\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body and a length of 40cm. Its body is\ green with a large number of blue spots and the front portion of its dorsal\ fin is elongated. Adults can be seen all over Manaurai during the spring. \ \ \ RHS\ \ 19) Blackspotted pufferfish\ \ Arothron nigropunctatus\ It has a round body without any ventral fins and a length of 25cm. It is grey\ with black speckled markings. Can be seen during the spring around the Blue\ Hall area.\ \ \ 20) Bicolour parrotfish\ \ Cetoscarus bicolor\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body and a length of 70cm. The front\ portion of its head is round and its body is dark blue with pink edges to its\ scales. Can be seen in the Lagoon area all year round.\ \ \ 21) Bower's parrotfish\ \ Chlorurus bowersi\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body and a length of 35cm. The front part\ of its head is round. Its body is green and it has an orange pattern behind\ its eyes. Can be seen all around Manaurai mostly during the summer.\ \ \ \ ======\ Page 4\ ======\ \ LHS\ \ 22) John dory\ \ Zeus faber\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped bosy, elongated, thread-like dorsal fin and a\ length of 30cm. It is a silver colour with a black spot with a white edge \ pattern on its sides. It tends to lurk in underwater caves, where it can be\ seen all year round. \ \ \ 23) Japanese pilchard\ \ Sardinops sagax\ A long, narrow fish with a length of 20cm. Its caudal fin is split into two\ parts. Its back is blue and the underside is silver-white. Can be seen \ swimming in shoals in the Rock Land area mostly during winter.\ \ \ 24) Chub mackerel\ \ Scomber japonicus\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body and a length of 40cm. The back of its\ body is blue and the underside is pale silver. Shoals can be seen during the\ spring and autumn in all areas of Manaurai.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 25) Red sea bream\ \ Pagrus major\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body, long pectoral fins and a length of \ 60cm. The back of its body is red and the underside is white. Can be seen in\ relatively deep water all year round.\ \ \ 26) Japanese jack mackerel\ \ Trachurus japonicus\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body and a length of 30cm. The back of \ its body is gold and the underside is pale silver. Shoals can be seen during\ the summer in all areas of Manaurai.\ \ \ 27) Japanese flying fish\ \ Cypselurus agoo\ A narrow fish with a long, thin body, a length of 35cm and long pectoral and\ ventral fins. It is dark dark blue with a silvery white underside. Can be\ seen during the spring and autumn in the Marige Atoll area.\ \ \ \ ======\ Page 5\ ======\ \ LHS\ \ 28) Golden trevally\ \ Gnathanodon speciosus\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body and a length of 1.2m. Its caudal fin\ is split into two parts. It is yellow with thin black stripes running down its\ body. Can be seen in the Wild Channel area all year round.\ \ \ 29) Bigeye trevally\ \ Latin name: Caranx sexfasciatus\ A narrow, spindle-shaped fish with a length of 80cm. Its pectoral fins are\ long and its caudal fin is split into two parts. Its body is silvery-white and\ black from the back half of its body to the caudal fin joint. Can be seen \ around Manaurai all year round. \ \ \ RHS\ \ 30) Miniata grouper\ \ Cephalopholis miniata\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body and a length of 35cm. Its caudal fin \ is rounded and it is red with a pale blue speckled pattern. Can be seen in all\ areas of Manaurai mainly in the autumn. \ \ \ 31) Multicolourfin rainbowfish (m)\ \ Halichoeres poecilopterus\ A very long and narrow fish with a length of 30cm. The male and female differ\ in colour: males have a green body, females light red. Seen mainly in the \ spring in all areas of Manaurai.\ \ \ 32) Red gurnard\ \ Chelidonichthys spinosus\ It hsa a large head, but the overall size gets smaller and thinner towards the\ tail section. It has three finger-like spines below each pectoral fin and a \ length of 40cm. It is a dark red colour, and its pectoral fins are a \ greenish-blue base with a blue speckled pattern on them. Can be seen easily\ during the sutumn in the Blue Hall area.\ \ \ 33) Flathead\ \ Platycephalus sp.\ It has a long body that is very flat to the ground, a large mouth, protruding\ lower jaw and a length of 1m. It's brown with a white underside. There are\ several belt-like black lines on its back. Can easily be seen during the \ winter in the Blue Hall area.\ \ \ \ ======\ Page 6\ ======\ \ LHS\ \ 34) Remora\ \ Echeneis naucrates\ Its body is long, thin and narrow, with sharp pectoral fins and a length of\ 80cm. Its body is grey with a thick, dark stripe running from head to tail.\ Can be seen around the Marige Atoll area all year round.\ \ \ 35) Horseshoe crab\ \ Tachypleus tridentatus\ Its body is brown with a length of 80cm and covered with a hard shell. The top\ section is in the shape of a crescent moon, and the lower section has six \ spines along each side. At the rear is a thin and pointed sword-like tail. \ Prefers enclosed, special environments in which it can be seen all year round.\ \ \ 36) Bigfin reef squid\ \ Sepioteuthis lessoniana\ It has a spindle-shaped abdominal region that has a fin running all around it\ and a length of 45cm. There are ten tentacles extending out of the front. Its\ body is a transparent, whitish colour. Adult specimens can be seen during the\ summer around the Green Garden area.\ \ \ 37) Broadclub cuttlefish\ \ Sepia latimanus\ It has a spindle-shaped torso 60cm long with 10 tentacles sprouting from it and\ fins running the entire length. It has the ability to change its body colour\ to suit the surrounding environment. Specimens can be seen around the Sunshine\ Beach area during the autumn and winter.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 38) Common octopus\ \ Octopus vulgaris\ Its body is round with a length of 60cm and has 8 tentacles descending from it.\ The tentacles are covered in suckers, and there is a membrane between each \ tentacle. It has the ability to change its body colour to suit the surrounding\ environment. Can be found in areas scattered with man-made debris all year \ round.\ \ \ 39) Ornate rock lobster\ \ Panulirus ornatus \ It has a cylindrical, greenish-blue body 60cm long with a hard shell, two sets\ of antennae and ten legs. Its back has a light yellow pattern on it. Can be \ seen mostly in the Rock Land area all year round.\ \ \ 40) Crown-of-thorns starfish\ \ Acanthaster planci\ It has a length of 60cm and numerous arms protruding out from the centre with\ its entire body covered in spines. The spines contain a poison that can lead\ to death if touched. It is red tinged with brown and the spines are green. \ Can be seen in the Knives Reef area all year round.\ \ \ \ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------\ \ \ *****************\ Small Marine Life #02\ *****************\ \ ======\ Page 7\ ======\ \ LHS\ \ 41) Clown anemonefish\ \ Amphiprion ocellaris\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 8cm. It has an orange\ body with white stripes behind its eyes, over the centre of its body and over\ the caudal fin joint. Can be seen all year round in the coral around Manaurai.\ \ \ 42) Yellowtail clownfish\ \ Amphiprion clarkii\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 14cm. Its head and body\ are dark brown, and its caudal fin joint and the sides of its body have white\ lines running down them. Can be seen in the coral in all areas of Manaurai all\ year round.\ \ \ 43) Tomato clownfish\ \ Amphiprion frenatus\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 14cm. It has an orange\ body and a white line running down the head section. Can be seen in the coral\ in all areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 44) Yellow clownfish\ \ Amphiprion sandaracinos\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 14cm. It has an orange\ body and a white line stretching from its snout to its caudal fin. Can be seen\ in the coral in all areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 45) Sapphire devil\ \ Chrysiptera cyanea\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 6cm. It has a short \ snout and small eyes. It is a vivid sapphire colour with black lines running \ from its snout to behind its eyes. Can be seen in the coral in all areas of\ Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 46) Starck's demoiselle\ \ Chrysiptera starcki\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body and a length of 7cm. It has a short,\ protruding snout and a small mouth. It is mainly a sapphire colour with yellow\ around its snout, along its back and its caudal fin. A common fish that can be\ seen all year round in the coral around Manaurai.\ \ \ 47) Goldtail demoiselle\ \ Chrysiptera parasema\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 6cm. It has a short\ snout and small eyes. Its body is a sapphire colour, with a yellow tail \ section. Can be seen in the coral in all areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 48) Blue-green chromis\ \ Chromis viridis\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body and a length of 8cm. Its caudal fin \ is split into two parts. The upper part of its body is blue-green, while the\ underside is white. A common fish that can be seen all year round in Manaurai.\ \ \ \ ======\ Page 8\ ======\ \ LHS\ \ 49) Three-spot dascyllus\ \ Dascyllus trimaculatus\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 15cm. It is very dark\ blue and its caudal fin is slightly arched. Can be seen in areas with coral\ all around Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 50) Bicolor angelfish \ \ Centropyge bicolor\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 14cm. The front section\ of its body as well as its tail, are both yellow, whereas its rear section is\ navy blue. There is also a navy blue line running over its eyes. Can be seen\ in the coral in all areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 51) Banded angelfish\ \ Apolemichthys arcuatus\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body and a length of 20cm. It has a white\ body with a band of black running from its eyes to the rear of its dorsal fin.\ It tends to lurk in underwater caves, where it can be seen all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 52) Royal angelfish\ \ Pygoplites diacanthus\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 25cm. Its body is \ yellow with numerous whitish-blue, black-edged lines running down the sides of\ its body. Can be seen in the coral in all areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 53) Yellow longnose butterflyfish\ \ Forcipiger flavissimus\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body, extremely long protruding snout and a \ length of 16cm. A yellow body with a black pattern covering its upper head and\ the top part of its snout. A common fish that can be seen all year round in\ Manaurai.\ \ \ 54) Moorish idol\ \ Zanclus cornutus\ A narrow fish with a length of 25cm, shaped like a standing oval and with an \ elongated thread-like dorsal fin. The front half of its body is whiet, while\ the rear is yellow and it has two thick black stripes running down its sides.\ Can be seen allyear round. \ \ \ 55) Singular bannerfish\ \ Heniochus singularius\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body, an elongated front section on its \ dorsal fin and a length of 24cm. Its body has alternating black and white \ lines across it. Its pectoral fins, caudal fin and front section of the dorsal\ fin are yellow. Can be seen in the coral in all areas of Manaurai all year\ round.\ \ \ \ ======\ Page 9\ ======\ \ LHS\ \ 56) Threadfin butterflyfish\ \ Chaetodon auriga\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body, a thread-like elongated section at the\ rear of its dorsal fin and a length of 20cm. Its body is white with a black \ line over its eyes. It also has a circular, black mark on its dorsal fin. Can\ be seen in the coral in all areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 57) Bluelashed butterflyfish \ \ Chaetodon bennetti\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 16cm. Its body is \ yellow and it has a white-edged black mark on each side. Can be seen in the\ coral in all areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 58) Brown-and-white butterflyfish\ \ Hemitaurichthys zoster\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 18cm. Its body is black\ with white, pyramid-shaped areas on the sides. Can be seen in the coral in all\ areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 59) Mandarinfish \ \ Synchiropus splendidus\ It's not very tall, but is long with a length of 7cm. Its head is large, but\ its mouth is small. It's a yellow-green colour, with a blue ripple pattern\ over its head, pectoral fins and body. Can be seen in the coral all over \ Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 60) Rippled rockskipper\ \ Istiblennius edentulus\ A fairly narrow fish with a long, thin body and a length of 15cm. Its eyes\ protrude and it has a short snout. It is brown with dark lines scattered over\ its body. Can be seen all year round in all areas of Manaurai that have coral.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 10\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 61) Red-spotted blenny\ \ Blenniella chrysospilos\ A slightly narrow fish with a long, thin body and a length of 10cm. Its snout\ is short and its eyes protrude a little. Its body is white and is covered with\ red spots. Can be seen in the coral in all areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 62) Bicolor blenny\ \ Ecsenius bicolor\ A slightly narrow fish with a long, thin body and a length of 8cm. Its snout \ is short and its eyes protrude a little. Both parts of its body have \ different colours. Can be seen in the coral in all areas of Manaurai all year\ round.\ \ \ 63) Isoginpo\ \ Parablennius yatabei\ A slightly narrow fish with a long, thin body and a length of 8cm. Its snout \ is short and its eyes protrude a little. There is a large colour variation\ among this species and they can be found lurking in the walls of sunken \ structures all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 64) Fire goby\ \ Nemateleotris magnifica\ Its body is long and thin, with a length of 7cm. The front part of its dorsal\ fin is elongated and its caudal fin is rounded. Its colour scheme is a \ gradation from light yellow to milky-white to brown from its head to its tail.\ Can be seen in every area of Manaurai with coral reefs all year round.\ \ \ 65) Elegant firefish\ \ Nemateleotris decora\ A fairly narrow fish with a long, thin body and a length of 7cm. The front \ section of its dorsal fin is elongated. The front section to the caudal fin is\ a gradation of purple, milky-white and dark purple in that order. Can be seen\ on the sandy ocean floor in all areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 66) Yellow shrimp goby\ \ Cryptocentrus cinctus\ A fairly narrow fish with a long, thin body and a length of 6.5cm. Its eyes\ stick out slightly and it goes through a phase where specimens tend to be grey\ with two to three dark brown lines. Can be seen on the sandy ocean floor in\ all areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 67) Singapore prawn goby\ \ Cryptocentrus singapurensis\ A fairly narrow fish with a long, thin body and a length of 15cm. It has a \ dark-coloured body with a milky-white underside. Also, it has dark red lines\ running diagonally from its rear to its front. It has blue spots scattered on\ its back and head. Can be seen on the sandy ocean floor in all areas of \ Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 11\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 68) Yellow clown goby\ \ Gobiodon okinawae\ A narrow fish with a long, thin, yellow body and a length of 3.5cm. It has no\ scales, but its pectoral fins have developed into suckers. Can be seen in\ branch coral in all areas of Manaurai all year round. \ \ \ 69) Red-spotted goby\ \ Gobiodon sp. 2\ A narrow fish with a long, thin body and a length of 4cm. Its body is \ yellow-green with numerous red spots. It has no scales, but its pectoral fins\ have developed into suckers. Can be seen in branch coral in all areas of \ Manaurai all year round. \ \ \ 70) Five-lined coral goby\ \ Gobiodon quinquestrigatus\ A narrow fish with a long, thin body and a length of 4cm. Its body is red from\ the pectoral fins to the front of its head, and the sides of its body and its \ fins are brown. It has no scales, but its pectoral fins have developed into \ suckers. Can be seen in branch coral in all areas of Manaurai all year round. \ \ \ 71) Oblong goby\ \ Gobiodon sp. 1\ A narrow fish with a long, thin body and a length of 4cm. It is brown tinged \ with green, has four thin light blue lines on its head and several crossing the\ base of its dorsal and anal fins. It has no scales, but its pectoral fins have\ developed into suckers. Can be seen in branch coral in all areas of Manaurai\ all year round. \ \ \ RHS\ \ 72) Monster shrimp goby\ \ Tomiyamichthys oni\ A fairly narrow fish with a long, thin body and a length of 10cm. Its eyes \ stick out slightly and it is white with four large brown patterns on it. Can\ be seen on the sandy ocean floor in all areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 73) Painted frogfish\ \ Antennarius pictus\ It has an oval-shaped body with a length of 17cm and pectoral fins that have\ evolved to become similar to legs. It has a protrusion on the top of its snout\ that resembles a fishing lure. There are a great many colour variations. It\ likes enclosed environments and the ocean floor and can be seen all year round.\ \ \ 74) Warty frogfish\ \ Antennarius maculatus\ It has an oval-shaped bosy with pectoral fins that have taken on the shape of\ legs and a length of 8.5cm. Above its snout is a fishing rod-like protrusion.\ It has a white body and a large brown pattern stretching from behind its eyes.\ It tends to lurk in underwater caves, where it can be seen all year round.\ \ \ 75) Striated frogfish\ \ Antennarius striatus\ It has an oval-shaped body with a length of 16cm and pectoral fins that have\ evolved to become similar to legs. It has a protrusion on the top of its snout\ that resembles a fishing lure. There are a great many colour variations. Can\ be seen in all regions of Manauari on the ocean floor.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 12\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 76) Sea goldie\ \ Pseudanthias squamipinnis\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 12cm. Males have an\ elongated, thread-like front section on their dorsal fins. Its back is orange\ with a white underside. Can be seen in every area of Manaurai with coral reefs\ all year round. \ \ \ 77) Stocky anthias\ \ Pseudanthias hypselosoma\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 10cm. It has a light\ red body with a red pattern on its dorsal fin. Can be seen in the coral in all\ areas of Manourai all year round.\ \ \ 78) Sunset anthias \ \ Pseudanthias parvirostris\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 8cm. It is red tinged\ with yellow and has a ring-like pattern on its head section. Can be seen in \ the coral in all areas of Manourai all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 79) Sakuradai\ \ Sacura margaritacea\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 15cm. A section of its\ dorsal and caudal fin is elongated. It is red with a white pattern on the\ sides of its body. Can be seen in the coral in all areas of Manourai all year\ round.\ \ \ 80) Southern orange-lined cardinal\ \ Apogon properuptus\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 6cm. The sides of its\ body are made up of gold lines with light silver between them. Can be seen in\ coral reefs in all areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 81) Humpback grouper (yg)\ \ Cromileptes altivelis\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 5cm. Its body is white\ with black markings on it. Can be seen in coral-covered areas of Manaurai all\ year round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 13\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 82) Yellow boxfish (yg)\ \ Ostracion cubicus\ It has a square body covered with hard square scales and a length of 3cm. \ Infants are a vivid yellow colour with numerous black spots on them. Can be\ seen all year round in areas of Manaurai that have coral.\ \ \ 83) Whitespotted boxfish (yg)\ \ Ostracion meleagris\ It is a square-shaped fish with hard, polygonal scales and a length of 3cm. \ Infants are black with innumerable light yellow markings on them. Can be seen\ in the coral areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 84) Long-spine porcupinefish\ \ Diodon holocanthus\ It is round, has innumerable long spines covering its entire body and a length\ of 25cm. Its eyes are large, but its mouth is small. Its back is a light \ brown colour and the underside is white. Can be seen coming near the boat all\ year round.\ \ \ 85) Harlequin sweetlips (yg)\ \ Plectorhinchus chaetodonoides\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 5cm. Its caudal fin is\ split into two parts. Infants are orange with seven large black-edged white \ spots on them. Can be seen in coral-covered areas all over Manaurai all year\ round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 86) Orange sea slug\ \ Thecacera pacifica\ It has a near cylindrical orange body, two antennae, tuft-shaped gills and a \ length of 5cm. Near its gills are two distinctive protrusions. Can be seen in\ the coral covered areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 87) Orange and black sea slug\ \ Thecacera sp.\ It has a near cylindrical orange body, two antennae, tuft-shaped gills and a \ length of 4cm. It has black spots scattered over its body. It likes enclosed\ environments and the ocean floor and can be seen all year round.\ \ \ 88) Festival sea slug\ \ Hypselodoris festiva\ It has an almost tube-shaped body, two feelers and a length of 4cm. It is blue\ with white gills. Can be seen all year round in areas of Manaurai that have\ coral.\ \ \ 89) Spotted white sea slug\ \ Chromodoris orientalis\ It has a near cylindrical body, two antennae, tuft-shaped gills and a length of\ 4cm. It has a white body with black spots scattered over it. Can be seen in\ the coral covered areas all over Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 14\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 90) Striped white sea slug\ \ Chromodoris willani\ It has a near cylindrical body, two antennae, tuft-shaped gills and a length of\ 5cm. It has a light blue body edged with white and with three black lines\ running along it. Can be seen in the coral covered areas all over Manaurai all\ year round.\ \ \ 91) Cinderella sea slug\ \ Hypselodoris apolegma\ It has a near cylindrical body, two antennae, tuft-shaped gills and a length of\ 10cm. It has a reddish-purple body. Can be seen in the enclosed coral \ environment all year round.\ \ \ 92) Strigate chromodoris\ \ Chromodoris strigata\ It has a near cylindrical body, two antennae, tuft-shaped gills and a length of\ 4cm. It has a light blue body edged with yellow and with three black lines\ running along it. It likes enclosed environments and can be seen all year \ round.\ \ \ 93) Luminescent sea slug\ \ Plocamopherus tilesii\ It has a near cylindrical body, two antennae, tuft-shaped gills and a length of\ 15cm. It has a white body and is semi-transparent with an irregular brown and \ yellow pattern on it. Can be seen in the coral covered areas all over Manaurai\ all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 94) Parade-float sea slug\ \ Kalinga ornata\ It has an oval-shaped body with numerous large and small protrusions on it and\ a length of 15cm. It likes enclosed environments and can be seen all year \ round.\ \ \ 95) Branched sea slug\ \ Kaloplocamus ramosus\ It has a near cylindrical body, two antennae, tuft-shaped gills and a length of\ 7cm. Its body is yellow and semi-transparent with brown and red patterns \ scattered all over it. It likes enclosed environments and can be seen all year\ round.\ \ \ 96) Blue sea star\ \ Linckia laevigata\ It has a blue, star-shaped body with five hard cylindrical arms and a length of\ 20cm. Can be seen on the sandy ocean floor in all areas of Manaurai all year\ round.\ \ \ 97) Sea star\ \ Certonardoa semiregularis\ It has a red, star-shaped body with five hard cylindrical arms and a length of\ 10cm. Can be seen on the sandy ocean floor in all areas of Manaurai all year\ round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 15\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 98) Leafy seadragon\ \ Phycodurus eques\ It has a long, curved body with branching protrusions all over it and a length\ of 40cm. Its snout is long and tube-like with a tiny mouth at the end. Its\ colour scheme resembles that of seaweed. Can be seen among the plants in the\ Green Garden area all year round.\ \ \ 99) Weedy Seadragon\ \ Phyllopteryx taeniolatus\ With a length of 45cm, the centre of its body bulges and it has several \ protrusions stemming from its back and ventral region. Its snout is long and\ tube-like with a tiny mouth at the end. Its colour scheme resembles that of\ seaweed. Can be seen among the plants in the Green Garden area all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 100) Pygmy seahorse\ \ Hippocampus bargibanti\ It has a long, thin and extremely small body with a length of 2cm. There are\ nodule-like protrusions over its entire body and its snout is long and thin\ with a tiny mouth at the end. It is pink and the protrusions are dark pink.\ Can be seen in the soft coral in the Deep Valley are all year round.\ \ \ 101) Crowned seahorse\ \ Hippocampus coronatus\ It has a tall, thin body with a long tail and a height of 10cm. Its snout is\ long and tube-like and it has a crown-like protrusion on its head. This \ creature comes in a variety of colours. Can be seen all year round in all \ areas of Manaurai that have coral.\ \ \ 102) Marbled flounder (yg)\ \ Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae\ A flat fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 15cm. It is brown on the\ side with its eyes, and white on the other. Can be found in underwater caves\ and on the sandy ocean floor all year round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 16\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 103) Firefly squid\ \ Watasenia scintillans\ It has a spindle-shaped abdomen with ten tentacles extending from it and a\ length of 7cm. It has hundreds of photogenic organs on its white body that\ glow a pale blue. Can be seen in deep, dark areas all year round.\ \ \ 104) Glass squid\ \ Cranchia scabra\ Its body is barrel-shaped, has a rounded fin at the end and a length of 12cm.\ It is a semi-transparent colour and has ten short feelers with suckers \ arranged on them stretching from its abdominal region. Can be seen in deep \ dark areas all year round.\ \ \ 105) Spotted garden eel\ \ Heteroconger hassi\ It has a long, thin cylindrical body with small, short pectoral fins and a \ length of 40cm. It is white with dark speckles on its body. It also has large\ dark markings near its gills. Can be seen on the sandy ocean floor of all \ areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 106) Black garden eel\ \ Heteroconger perissodon\ It has a long, thin cylindrical body with no scales and a length of 50cm. Its\ body is grey or brown. Can be seen on the sandy ocean floor in all areas of \ Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 107) Blotchy swell shark (yg)\ \ Cephaloscyllium umbratile\ It has a fairly thick body from the head to the abdomen that becomes thinner\ towards the tail. It has a length of 10cm. It is brown with long, thin eyes\ and a rounded snout. Can be seen mainly during the spring in all areas \ scattered with man-made debris.\ \ \ 108) Tiger pufferfish (yg)\ \ Takifugu rubripes\ This fish is round, has small spines which contain a powerful venom, and a \ length of 10cm. Infants have a white pattern on their backs, and a white-edged\ black pattern on the reverse of their pectoral fins. Can be seen mainly on the\ sandy ocean floor in all areas of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 109) Randall's pistol shrimp\ \ Alpheus randalli\ It has a long, thin, cylindrical body with a shell and a length of 6cm. It has\ two sets of feelers and ten legs, the two foremost of which have pincers on\ them. It has a red and white patterned body. Can be seen in all areas of \ Manaurai on the sandy ocean floor all year round.\ \ \ 110) Goby shrimp\ \ Alpheus rapax\ It has a long, thin, cylindrical body which is covered by a shell and has a \ length of 7cm. It has two pairs of antennae and ten legs. The first pair of\ legs have pincers. Its body is a spotted white and brown colour. Can be found\ in underwater caves and ocean floor areas all year round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 17\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 111) Belt jellyfish\ \ Aequorea coerulescens\ Its dome section has a diameter of 20cm, and is a soft, thin, semi-spherical\ shape. There are numerous short feelers lining the dome, which is a \ transparent white colour. Can be seen mainly in the Deep Valley area all year\ round.\ \ \ 112) Mauve stinger\ \ Pelagia noctiluca\ Its dome section has a diameter of 10cm, is semi-spherical and has eight \ feelers extending from it. Four ribbon-like organs known as "oral arms" \ descend from the central section. It is a light red colour. Can be seen \ mainly around the Deep Valley area all year round.\ \ \ 113) Sea gooseberry\ \ Pleurobrachia pileus\ It has a transparent dome, eight organs that are covered in minute hairs and a\ length of 10cm. Two long, comb-like feelers descend from beneath its dome. \ Can be seen in deep, dark areas all year round.\ \ \ 114) Barreleye\ \ Winteria telescopa\ A fairly narrow fish with a long, thin body and a length of 15cm. It has \ large, tubular eyes and is a dark brown colour. Can be seen in deep, dark \ areas all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 115) Humpback anglerfish\ \ Melanocetus johnsonii\ It has a fairly narrow, rounded body and a length of 8cm. It has a protrusion\ on its head and its body is black tinged with red. Can be seen in deep, dark \ areas all year round.\ \ \ 116) Galatheid crab\ \ Shinkaia crosnieri\ It has a white, oblong shell, and a length of 8cm. Its first pair of legs have\ pincers and it has hairs on the legs in its ventral region. Can be seen around\ the hydrothermal vents in the Abyss all year round.\ \ \ 117) Deep-sea blind shrimp\ \ Alvinocaris longirostris\ It has a cylindrical body that is covered with a shell and a length of 3cm. It\ has two pairs of antennae and ten legs. Its body is transparent white. Can be\ seen around the hydrothermal vents in the Abyss all year round.\ \ \ 118) Giant sea spider\ \ Colossendeis colossea\ It has a small, thin body and a length of 35cm, with eight long legs and four \ short ones. Its body is red and it can be found on deep areas of the ocean \ floor all year round\ \ \ \ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------\ \ \ *****************\ Large Marine Life #03\ *****************\ \ =======\ Page 18\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 119) Humphead wrasse\ \ Cheilinus undulatus\ A fairly narrow fish with an oval-shaped body, nodule-like protrusion on its \ head and a length of 2m. Its body is dark green with an intricate \ light-coloured pattern covering it. Can be seen in all areas of Manaurai all\ year round.\ \ \ 120) Mahi-mahi\ \ Coryphaena hippurus\ A narrow fish with a long body and a length of 2m. It has a lrarge blunt \ forehead. Its body is dark green with a mixed gold and silver underside that\ seems to shine. Can be seen mainly during the autumn in the Marige Atoll area.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 121) Great barracuda\ \ Sphyraena barracuda\ Its body is long and thin, with a large mouth full of sharp teeth and a length\ of 2m. It is silvery-whote and has numerous dark lines running down its body.\ Can be seen during the summer and autumn in the Green Garden area.\ \ \ 122) Blackfin barracuda\ \ Sphyraena qenie\ It has a long, thin body, a large mouth with sharp teeth and a length of 1m.\ It is silvery-white with numerous dark-coloured lines running down its sides.\ Can be seen mainly in the Green Garden area.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 19\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 123) Asian sheepshead wrasse\ \ Semicossyphus reticulatus\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 1m. It has a \ distinctive nodule-like protrusion on its head and a thick lower jaw. Its body\ is red with a lighter red underside. Can be seen mainly in the Knives Reef \ area during the winter.\ \ \ 124) Longtooth grouper\ \ Epinephelus bruneus\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body and a length of 1.3m. It is brown and\ has dark stripes running down the sides of its body which slope towards the \ back. Can be seen mostly around Knives Reef during the spring.\ \ \ 125) Tarpon\ \ Megalops atlanticus\ It has a long body that is covered in large scales and a length of 2.5m. Its\ body is dark blue with a silvery-white underside. Can be seen inside the \ Underwater Ruins of Marige Atoll all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 126) Great white shark\ \ Carcharodon carcharias\ Its body is spindle-shaped, 7m in length, and its caudal fin resembles the \ crescent moon. The caudal fin joint features a small protuberance. Its body\ is blue with a white underside. Can be seen during the autumn and winter in \ the Rock Land area.\ \ \ 127) Scalloped hammerhead shark\ \ Sphyrna lewini\ It has a spindle-shaped body, a uniquely shaped head that bears an uncanny \ resemblance to the letter "T", and a length of 4m. It has a grey body, white\ underside and its pectoral fins are quite small. Can be seen all year round\ mainly in the Rock Land area.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 20\ =======\ \ 128) Whale shark\ \ Rhincodon typus\ The biggest species of fish in the world with a massive body and mouth. It \ also has three line-shaped protrusions coming from the sides of its body. Its\ body is blue with a white underside and scattered with white spots. Can be\ seen all year round near the Marige Atoll area.\ \ \ LHS\ \ 129) Pelagic thresher\ \ Alopias pelagicus\ It has a spindle-shaped bdy with a rounded snout and a length of 3.5m. The \ upper section of its caudal fin is extremely elongated, measuring almost the \ same as its entire body length. Its body colour is darker above the pectoral\ fins and is white beneath. Can be seen mainly during the winter in the Rock \ Land area.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 130) Zebra shark\ \ Stegostoma fasciatum \ Its head and abdomen are wide with a caudal fin roughly as long as its body, \ which has a length of 3.5m. Its body is yellow ochre and the underside is \ white. Also, there are leopard skin spots on its back. Can be seen mainly \ around the Deep Valley area all year round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 21\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 131) Manta ray\ \ Manta birostris\ It has a flat, diamond-shaped body, large mouth and thin tail, and a length of\ 5m. Its body is black and has a white underside that is speckled with black \ marks. Can be seen all around Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 132) Japanese bullhead shark\ \ Heterodontus japonicus\ The size of its head is large, but the overall size gets smaller and thinner\ towards the tail section. It has a brown body with around ten darker brown \ stripes around it and a length of 1m. Adults can be seen all year round in \ the Rock Land area.\ \ \ 133) Cloudy catshark\ \ Scyliorhinus torazame\ It has a long, thin body, a wide head, a short rounded snout and a length of \ 50cm. Its body is brown with an intricate white pattern. Can be seen in the\ south east regions of Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 134) Green sea turtle\ \ Chelonia mydas\ Its head, legs and tail protrude out of an oval-shaped shell and it has a \ length of 2m. Its front legs are elongated and shaped like fins, while its \ jaw is serrated. Its body is dark green with a light yellow underside. Can be\ seen around Manaurai all year round.\ \ \ 135) Banded houndshark\ \ Triakis scyllium\ It has a long, thin body with a wide head, a short snout with a circular \ marking and a length of 1.7m. Its body is grey and the underside is white.\ Also, it has a black pattern and several dark lines. Can be found in areas\ scattered with man-made debris all year round.\ \ \ 136) Epaulette shark\ \ Hemiscyllium ocellatum\ It has a long, thin body with a fat, rounded snout and a length of 90cm. Its\ body is brown and there are two dorsal fins on the rear section. Can be seen\ in the Knives Reef area all year round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 22\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 137) Bowmouth guitarfish\ \ Rhina ancylostoma\ With a length of 3m, the front section of its body resembles that of a ray, but\ the rear like that of a shark. Its body is brown with a white underside and \ patches of white scattered on its back. Can be seen mostly in the Rock Land \ area all year round.\ \ \ 138) Dwarf sawfish\ \ Pristis clavata\ With a length of 2.1m, the front section of its body resembles that of a ray,\ but the rear like that of a shark. Also, its gills are located in the ventral\ area. Its body is brown tinged with gren and the underside is white. Can be\ seen in the Green Garden area all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 139) Japanese angel shark\ \ Squatina japonica\ Its head section resembles a ray and the rear resembles a shark. It has a \ length of 1.5m and its pectoral fins are extremely large. Its body is brown\ with brown spots scattered over it. Can be found in areas scattered with \ man-made debris all year round.\ \ \ 140) Leopard whipray\ \ Himantura undulata\ Its body is flat and oval-shaped, with a long tail containing a poisonous \ spine with a body length of 5m. Its body is light yellow with a white \ underside and a leopard skin pattern on its back. It tends to lurk in \ underwater caves, where it can be seen all year round.\ \ \ 141) Red stingray\ \ Dasyatis akajei\ It has a length of 1.2m and is flat and diamond-shaped with a long tail that \ has a venomous spine. Its body is brown with a white underside. Can be seen\ mainly around the Mermaid Tunnel area all year round.\ \ \ 142) Blotched fantail ray\ \ Taeniura meyeni\ It has a lwo, oval-shaped body with a long tail containing a poisonous spine,\ and a length of 3m. Its body is dark grey with a brown underside and a black \ pattern on its back. It likes enclosed environments and can be seen all year\ round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 23\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 143) Striped marlin\ \ Tetrapturus audax\ It has a long body, a cone-shaped and very pointed snout and a length of 3.5m.\ The front portion of its dorsal fin is high, but it gets steadily smaller as it\ approaches the rear of the fish. It is dark blue with a silvery-white \ underside. Can be seen mainly in the Deep Valley area all year round. \ \ \ 144) Indo-Pacific sailfish\ \ Istiophorus platypterus\ It has a large body, large sail-like dorsal fin, pointed snout and a length of\ 3.5m. Its body is dark blue with a pale silver underside and small, black \ spots scattered on its dorsal fin. Can be seen mainly around the Deep Valley\ area all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 145) Atlantic bluefin tuna\ \ Thunnus thynnus\ A spindle-shaped fish with a length of 3m and a very thin caudal fin joint. \ Its head is large and cone-shaped with small eyes. Its back is brown and black\ and the underside is silver-white. Can be seen swimming in shoals in the Deep\ Valley area mostly during autumn.\ \ \ 146) Blue-spotted ribbontail ray\ \ Taeniura lymna\ It has a low, oval-shaped body with a long tail containing a poisonous spine,\ and a length of 70cm. Its body is yellow-green with a large blue pattern on \ its back. It tends to lurk in underwater caves, where it can be seen all year\ round. In the Paoul Republic, it has a name meaning "green light".\ \ \ 147) Cowtail stingray\ \ Pastinachus sephen\ It has a low, oval-shaped body with a long tail containing a poisonous spine,\ and a length of 3m. Its body is light brown with a white underside. Can be \ seen in the Sunshine Beach area all year round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 24\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 148) Largehead hairtail\ \ Trichiurus lepturus\ A narrow fish with a long, thin, pale silver body and a length of 1.5m. The\ rear section of its tail is elongated and thread-like. Can be seen in the \ Deep Valley area all year round.\ \ \ 149) Red cornetfish\ \ Fistularia petimba\ It has a long, thin, red body with a tube-like snout and a length of 2m. Also,\ the centre of its tail section is elongated and thread-like. Can be seen \ mainly during the winter in the Wild Channel area. \ \ \ RHS\ \ 150) Bering wolffish\ \ Anarhichas orientalis\ It has a long, brown body with a fat front section and a thin rear section, and\ a length of 1.3m. Also, its dorsla fin stretches from the rear of its head to\ its tail section. Can be found in areas with numerous man-made objects all \ year round.\ \ \ 151) Kidako moray\ \ Gymnothorax kidako\ It has a long body, a large mouth full of sharp teeth and a length of 80cm. \ It has no scales, pectoral fins or ventral fins. It is light yellow with an\ intricate black pattern over its body. Can be seen all year round in the Rock\ Land area.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 25\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 152) Yellow goosefish\ \ Lophius litulon\ Its body is extremely flat with a large head section and a length of 1.3m. It\ also has a protuberance stemming from the rear of its head section. It is \ light brown in colour with a brownish pattern on its back. Can be seen around\ the Deep Valley area all year round.\ \ \ 153) Olive flounder\ \ Paralichthys olivaceus\ It has a flat, oval-shaped body with both eyes placed on the left side and a \ length of 80cm. The side which includes the eyes is brown and the side \ without is white. For protection, it can change the colour of the side its \ eyes are on to match that of the environment. Can be seen in the Rock Land \ area all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 154) Tasselled wobbegong\ \ Eucrossorhinus dasypogon\ Its body is wide and flat with a dorsla fin near the rear of its body and has\ rounded pectoral fins. It has a length of 4m and its body is a mixture of \ grey, dark brown and brown. Also, it has a dark mesh-like pattern on it. Can\ be found in areas scattered with man-made debris all year round.\ \ \ 155) Nomura's Jellyfish\ \ Nemopilema nomurai\ With a diameter of 2m, the dome-shaped upper section has numerous "oral arms" \ descending from it. Its body is a light pink colour. Can be seen at night \ around the Underwater Ruins of Marige Atoll all year round.\ \ \ \ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------\ \ \ *************\ Deep Sea Life #04\ *************\ \ =======\ Page 26\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 156) Ocean sunfish\ \ Mola mola\ A narrow, half oval-shaped fish with a height of 3 metres. At the rear, it has\ large dorsal and anal fins. It has a grey body, a light grey underside and a \ white pattern adorning its back. Can be seen during the winter around the \ Marige Atoll area.\ \ \ 157) Opah\ \ Lampris guttatus\ A narrow fish with an oval-shaped body and a length of 2m. Its mouth protrudes\ slightly and it has no teeth. Its body is white tinged with blue and its \ snout, back and fins are red. Can be seen in relatively deep water all year\ round. \ \ \ RHS\ \ 158) Popeye grenadier\ \ Coryphaenoides cinereus\ It has a long body that narrows as it gets towards the tail section. It has\ extremely large eyes and is a dark colour. Can be seen near the ocean floor\ in areas of deep sea all year round. \ \ \ 159) Splendid alfonsino\ \ Beryx splendens\ A narrow fish with a spindle-shaped body, large eyes and mouth and a length of\ 60cm. Its caudal fin can split into two parts. Its body is red with gold \ eyes. Can be seen in relatively deep water all year round. \ \ \ 160) Common fangtooth\ \ Anoplogaster cornuta\ Its body is bigger at the front with a large head and a length of 15cm. Its\ mouth is big with large teeth and the jaw joint is pushed back behind its \ eyes. Its body is brown tinged with black. Can be seen all year round in \ deep, dark areas.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 27\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 161) Longnose lancetfish\ \ Alepisaurus ferox\ A narrow fish with a long, thin body and a length of 2m. Its dorsal fin is \ large and its caudal fin is split into two parts. Inside its large mouth are\ sharp teeth and its body is black with a white underside. Can be seen in deep,\ dark areas all year round.\ \ \ 162) Fanfin\ \ Caulophryne pelagica\ An oval-shaped fish witha large mouth, elongated, thread-like fins and a length\ of 50cm. It has a dark-coloured body. Can be seen in deep, dark waters all \ year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 163) Japanese spider crab\ \ Macrocheira kaempferi\ It has a large oval shell, ten long, thin legs and a length of 4m. Its back is\ red and the underside is white tinged with yellow. Can be seen all year round\ in certain relatively deep areas.\ \ \ 164) Snailfish\ \ Crystallichthys matsushimae\ It has a soft gelatinous body, numerous whiskers around its mouth and a \ length of 42cm. Its body is pink with dark wavy patterns dotted over it. Can\ be seen in dep, dark areas all year round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 28\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 165) Megamouth shark\ \ Megachasma pelagios\ It is cylindrical with an extremely large head and mouth, and a body that gets\ smaller towards the rear with a length of 5.6m. Its body is black and the \ underside is white. Can be seen in deep, dark areas all year round.\ \ \ 166) Frilled shark\ \ Chlamydoselachus anguineus\ It is long and thin with a wide head section and a length of 2m. Also, it has\ only a single dorsal fin and six pairs of gills. Its body is brown tinged with\ black. Can be seen in deep, dark areas all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 167) Goblin shark\ \ Mitsukurina owstoni\ It has a spindle-shaped, extremely soft body with an elongated flat snout and a\ length of 3.5m. Its dorsal and ventral fins are round and the upper section of\ its caudal fin is long. Its body is white tingd with pink. Can be seen all \ year round near the ocean floor of deep water areas.\ \ \ 168) Bluntnose sixgill shark\ \ Hexanchus griseus \ It has a thin, but long spindle-shaped body with a length of 4.2m. It is dark\ brown with a white underside. Can be seen near the ocean floor in areas of \ deep sea all year round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 29\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 169) Coelacanth\ \ Latimeria chalumnae\ Its body is 1.8m long and covered with hard scales. It has a larger number of\ fins than regular fish; thre dorsal fins, two pectoral fins, two ventral fins,\ two anal fins and one caudal fin - ten fins in total. It has a dark blue body\ with a white pattern. \ \ \ 170) Praya dubia\ \ Praya dubia\ Sometimes referred to as "the swimming bell", this jellyfish has a dome-like\ section as well as long, thin sensory organs and a length of 40m. Its body is\ whitish and transparent. Can be seen in deep, dark areas of the ocean all \ year round. \ \ \ RHS\ \ 171) Giant oarfish\ \ Regalecus glesne\ It has an extremely long, thin body, no scales and a length of 10m. Its dorsal\ fin stretches from its head to its tail. Its body is silvery-white with a \ dark, dappled pattern. Can be seen in deep, dark areas all year round.\ \ \ 172) Polka-dot ribbonfish\ \ Desmodema polystictum\ A narrow fish with a long body and a length of 1m. Its body has a large front\ section that gets smaller towards the rear. Its body is silvery white and its\ fins are red. Can be seen in dep dark areas all year round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 30\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 173) Chambered nautilus\ \ Nautilus pompilius\ It has a spiral shell, a number of feelers and a size of 20cm. Its shell is\ white with a brown-red pattern around it. Can be seen only at night when it\ ventures out of its secret hideaway.\ \ \ 174) Sea cucumber\ \ Scotoplanes globosa\ It has a round, white body with between 10 and 14 legs and a length of 10cm. \ It also has two protuberances coming from its back. Can be found in deep areas\ of the ocean all year round.\ \ \ 175) Vampire squid\ \ Vampyroteuthis infernalis\ Its torso is rounded with wing-like fins and a length of 30cm. Below the torso\ are eight tentacles, two of which are thread-like, elongated sensory organs. \ It has a dark red body. Can be seen in deep water and dark caves all year \ round.\ \ \ 176) Pelican eel\ \ Eurypharynx pelecanoides\ Its body is soft, long and thin with and extremely large mouth equipped with a\ pouch-like section and a length of 75cm. It is black and can be seen in deep,\ dark waters all year round. \ \ \ RHS\ \ 177) Giant squid\ \ Architeuthis dux\ Its abdominal region is spindle-shaped with comparatively small fins and a \ length of 18m. Its body is brown tinged with red and there are ten long \ tentacles at the front of the abdominal region. Can be seen in deep, dark \ areas of the ocean all year round.\ \ \ \ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------\ \ \ *******************\ Dolphins and Whales #05\ *******************\ \ =======\ Page 31\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 178) Bottlenose dolphin\ \ Tursiops truncatus\ It has a spindle-shaped body, a short, fat beak and a length of 3.6m. Its body\ is grey with a light grey underside.\ \ \ 179) Common dolphin\ \ Delphinus delphis\ It has a spindle-shaped body, a thin beak and a length of 2.5m. It's black \ with a white underside and yellow on parts of its sides. Can be seen in the \ Sunshine Beach area all year round.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 180) Pacific white-sided dolphin\ \ Lagenorhynchus obliquidens\ It has a spindle-shaped body, a short beak and a length of 2.4m. Its body is\ black with a white underside and has a black and grey pattern on the sides. \ Can be seen around the Knives Reef area all year round. \ \ \ 181) Commerson's dolphin\ \ Cephalorhynchus commersonii\ It has a small, spindle-shaped body, a rounded dorsal fin towards the rear and\ a length of 1.5m. Its body is divided into black and white colouring. Can be\ seen in the Marige Atoll area all year round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 32\ =======\ \ LHS\ \ 182) Orca\ \ Orcinus orca\ It has a spindle-shaped body, a tall dorsal fin and a length of 9m. Its body\ is black with a white underside. Also, it has white markings behind its eyes\ and dorsal fin. Can be seen in the Ocean's Graveyard all year round.\ \ \ 183) Beluga\ \ Delphinapterus leucas\ It has a spindle-shaped body, a rounded section of adipose tissue on its head \ called a "melon" and a length of 4.5m. Its body is white. Frequently seen in\ the Underwater Ruins of Marige Atoll.\ \ \ RHS\ \ 184) False killer whale\ \ Pseudorca crassidens\ It has a long, thin spindle-shaped body, small head and a length of 6m. Also,\ its dorsal fin is located at the central point of its back. Its body is black\ or dark grey. A single specimen can be seen inside the underwater limestone \ cave between the white areas.\ \ \ 185) Risso's dolphin\ \ Grampus griseus\ It has a spindle-shaped body, a rounded head and a length of 4m. Also, it has\ a tall, thin dorsal fin and is dark grey in colour. Can be seen in deep, dark\ areas all year round.\ \ \ \ =======\ Page 33\ =======\ \ 186) Blue whale\ \ Balaenoptera musculus\ It has a giant spindle-shaped body with a huge mouth and a pointed upper jaw.\ It is around 20m in length. Its pectoral fins are long and thin, its dorsal \ fin is positioned towards the rear of its raised backbone and its caudal fin\ is broad. Its body is grey tinged with blue and has a grey spotted pattern on\ it. Can be seen in the Great Drop-Off all year round.\ \ \ 187) North Atlantic right whale\ \ Eubalaena glacialis\ It has a spindle-shaped black body, a large head and a length of 16m. The \ upper section of its lower jaw is curved like an arch. Can be seen all year \ round in the Wild Channel area. \ \ \ \ =======\ Page 34\ =======\ \ 188) Humpback whale\ \ Megaptera novaeangliae\ It has a huge spindle-shaped body, long pectoral fins and a length of 15m. \ Also, it has a notch cut out of the centre of its caudal fin. Its body is \ black while the underside, pectoral fins and lower section of the caudal fin \ all have a scattered black and white pattern. Can be seen swimming along a \ vast route starting from western Rock Land all year round.\ \ \ 189) Sperm whale\ \ Physeter macrocephalus\ It has a length of 18m, its head is square, extremely large and with a thin \ lower jaw. The skin on the rear of its body is wrinkled and the caudal fin has\ small lumps on it. Its body is grey tinged with black. Can be seen all year \ round swimming deep into the Abyss.\ \ \ }